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Faculté des Sciences appliquées
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Processing of Li-ion battery active material through hydrometallurgy - Study of ferrous iron reductive leaching catalysed by metallic copper (Université de Liège)

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Batutiako, Michèle ULiège
Promotor(s) : Gaydardzhiev, Stoyan ULiège
Date of defense : 3-Sep-2021 • Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2268.2/13968
Details
Title : Processing of Li-ion battery active material through hydrometallurgy - Study of ferrous iron reductive leaching catalysed by metallic copper (Université de Liège)
Translated title : [fr] Traitement du matériau actif des batteries au lithium-ion par hydrométallurgie - Étude de la lixiviation réductrice en présence de fer ferreux catalysée par le cuivre métallique
Author : Batutiako, Michèle ULiège
Date of defense  : 3-Sep-2021
Advisor(s) : Gaydardzhiev, Stoyan ULiège
Committee's member(s) : Pirard, Eric ULiège
Haseneder, Roland 
Lambert, Fanny ULiège
Michel, Didier 
Language : English
Number of pages : 143
Keywords : [en] Lithium-ion battery
[en] Ferrous ions
[en] Metallic Copper
[en] Cobalt-Mole Equivalent
[en] Reductive Acid Leaching
Discipline(s) : Engineering, computing & technology > Geological, petroleum & mining engineering
Research unit : GeMMe
Target public : Researchers
Professionals of domain
Student
Institution(s) : Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique
Degree: Master en ingénieur civil des mines et géologue, à finalité spécialisée en "geometallurgy (EMERALD)"
Faculty: Master thesis of the Faculté des Sciences appliquées

Abstract

[fr] Ever-growing electrification rates and secondary battery-powered appliances development together with increased environmental concerns and sustainable exhaustible resources management are leading to improved battery waste handling. This is specifically the case of Li-ion Batteries (LIBs) which great energy density embodied in relatively light packages, charge and lasting perfor-mances have turned them into partners of choice. Though conventional recycling routes may involve pyrometallurgical treatments or classical sulfuric acid-based hydrometallurgical processing enhanced with hydrogen peroxide to recover the major contained metals (Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn and Ni), alternative routes are increasingly suggested. This work contributes to the diversification of the reducing agent nature required for dissolving the metals from sorted, discharged, crushed and sieved LIBs of mixed cathode chemistries (~ 60%wt LiCoO2, 20%wt. LiMnO2 and 20%wt. Li(NixMnyCoz)O2) identified by microscopical studies. A reduction mechanism of the transition metals involving ferrous ions oxidation followed by Fe(II) regeneration by metallic copper through electron release is considered. It is found that not only does Cu play a role in the reduction of the black mass but also Al. Moreover, the reduction mechanisms of copper (ferric to ferrous ions transformation) seem to be more straightforward than aluminium’s (hydrogen intermediary and potential Cu cementation). The kinetics points in favour of Fe(II)-loaded systems enhancing the metals dissolution rate and Cu reductive action. All systems are made comparable through the introduction of a Co-Mole Equivalent (CME) concept that suggests an ideal stoichiometric ratio metal-to-reduce:reductant:acid of 1:1:2 ([CME:CME:molacid]). Experiments reveal a practical efficiency of the reductants lower than 100%, with only 38 to 58% of the theoretical reducing power used for reducing purposes. The missing fraction is attributed to reducer consumption by side reactions and/or transition metals (TMs) oxidation states underestimation. With up to 97% of TMs recovery without additional re-grinding nor binder vaporisation treatment, liberation and binder concerns are deemed negligible in the present investigation.


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Author

  • Batutiako, Michèle ULiège Université de Liège > Master ingé. civ. mines & géol., à fin. (EMERALD)

Promotor(s)

Committee's member(s)

  • Pirard, Eric ULiège Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Géoressources minérales & Imagerie géologique
    ORBi View his publications on ORBi
  • Haseneder, Roland TU Bergakademie Freiberg
  • Lambert, Fanny ULiège Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Géoressources minérales & Imagerie géologique
    ORBi View his publications on ORBi
  • Michel, Didier
  • Total number of views 56
  • Total number of downloads 5










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