Mémoire, y compris stage professionnalisant[BR]- Séminaires méthodologiques intégratifs[BR]- Mémoire : Facteurs prédictifs de la perte de poids et de la compliance au régime hypocalorique protéiné en poudre en phase préopératoire d'une chirurgie bariatrique

Abstract

Context: Obesity is a growing problem in the world and is a major public health issue. Bariatric surgery is used in the management and treatment of obesity. It allows a weight reduction that reduces mortality, decreases the risk of comorbidities and improves quality of life. Even moderate weight loss (≥ 5% of excess weight) in the preoperative phase of bariatric surgery is associated with an improvement in postoperative morbidity and mortality. Currently, at the University Hospital of Liège, obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery, receive a low-calorie protein powder diet the 15 days before surgery. Objectives: 1. To determine and identify factors influencing weight loss in the preoperative phase of bariatric surgery. 2. To determine and identify factors influencing compliance with the low- calorie protein powder diet in the preoperative phase of bariatric surgery. Method: For objective 1., a retrospective observational study on the data from the computerised medical record of patients who underwent bariatric surgery at the University Hospital of Liège during the year 2022. For objective 2. an exploratory questionnaire on compliance administered to patients who underwent bariatric surgery between March and May 2023. Through this questionnaire, individual characteristics, socio-demographic data as well as answers to compliance questions are collected. Results: Of the 124 subjects, 43 responded with a preoperative weight loss greater than or equal to 5% of excess weight. The analyses revealed two variables significantly associated with preoperative weight loss: the presence of oral problems and overall physical activity. The preoperative powder diet was generally well followed and tolerated in terms of taste. However, the price and the side effects are a problem, to a greater or lesser extent, for the patients. Conclusion: The preoperative low-calorie protein diet prescribed to patients undergoing bariatric surgery at the University Hospital of Liege allows a slight weight loss and is globally well followed. Further studies on a larger cohort and analysing different preoperative diets may confirm and perpetuate the use of this low-calorie protein powder diet.