L'influence du stress psychologique sur la réponse de l'hôte à une infection par le virus de la grippe : focus sur les macrophages pulmonaires
Rompen, Margaux
Promotor(s) : Marichal, Thomas
Date of defense : 27-Jun-2024 • Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2268.2/20683
Details
Title : | L'influence du stress psychologique sur la réponse de l'hôte à une infection par le virus de la grippe : focus sur les macrophages pulmonaires |
Translated title : | [en] The influence of psychological stress on host response to influenza virus infection: focus on pulmonary macrophages |
Author : | Rompen, Margaux |
Date of defense : | 27-Jun-2024 |
Advisor(s) : | Marichal, Thomas |
Committee's member(s) : | Radermecker, Caroline
Tosi, Irène Schurmans, Stephane |
Language : | French |
Number of pages : | 47 |
Keywords : | [fr] Infection virale [fr] Influenza A [fr] Stress psychologique [fr] Réparation tissulaire [fr] Macrophages pulmonaires |
Discipline(s) : | Life sciences > Veterinary medicine & animal health |
Funders : | FNRS Welbio |
Research unit : | Laboratoire d'Immunophysiologie du GIGA (CHU) dirigé par le Docteur Thomas Marichal |
Name of the research project : | L’INFLUENCE DU STRESS PSYCHOLOGIQUE SUR LA RÉPONSE DE L’HÔTE À UNE INFECTION PAR LE VIRUS DE LA GRIPPE : FOCUS SUR LES MACROPHAGES PULMONAIRES |
Target public : | Researchers Professionals of domain Student |
Institution(s) : | Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique |
Degree: | Master en médecine vétérinaire |
Faculty: | Master thesis of the Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire |
Abstract
[en] Since November 16, 2019, our world has been plunged into a psychosis related to the
emergence of a novel respiratory virus. Many pandemics have flouted our daily lives over the
last century, and the SARS-COV2 virus will not be the last. In addition to potential viral
emergence, humans are confronted, on a daily basis, to various sources of stress. Numerous
studies have proven the profound effects of stress on the entire body and especially on the
immune system. The host laboratory (GIGA Immunophysiology) pays particular attention to
the influence of stress on the immune cells that populate the lungs infected by the Influenza A
virus. Recent discoveries from the same laboratory have revealed a previously unknown
macrophage population that expresses a marker of neutrophils, Ly6G. This macrophage acts in
the early phase of tissue repair, allowing optimal differentiation of pneumocytes 2 into
pneumocytes 1 in the perilesional alveolar areas, thereby licensing alveolar repair.
In this study, we investigated whether exposing mice to psychological stress (using the WAS
model) in addition to infecting them with the virus could modify the immune response,
particulary the kinetics of Ly6G+ macrophages and, consequently impact lung tissue repair
compared to mice that were only infected. First of all, our results showed that stress induces
significant modifications in the progenitors of these Ly6G+ macrophages in both the bone
marrow and blood. Furthermore, stress strongly reduced the number of Ly6G+ macrophages
throughout the duration of their presence in the lungs. Finally, the analysis of epithelial cells
during the pulmonary tissue repair phase revealed a significant reduction of type 1 and type 2
pneumocytes in the cohort of stressed mice compared to the cohort of stress-free mice,
indicating a non-optimal tissue repair of the lungs in the presence of stress. These preliminary
results pave the way to a doctoral project I will undertake in the host laboratory.
File(s)
Document(s)
Description:
Size: 3.04 MB
Format: Adobe PDF
Cite this master thesis
The University of Liège does not guarantee the scientific quality of these students' works or the accuracy of all the information they contain.