Raising Bilingual Children:A Sociolinguistic Study of English and French Bilingual Parenting in Francophone Regions

Abstract

This thesis examines the dynamics of raising bilingual children in French-speaking regions, focusing on English and French language acquisition. Through semi-structured interviews with four families living in Belgium and France, the study explores their motivations, methodologies, and outcomes related to bilingual education. Key areas of investigation include the reasons behind choosing bilingual education, strategies for language exposure, challenges faced, and the educational and social outcomes observed. The literature review defines essential concepts such as Bilingual First Language Acquisition (BFLA), Family Language Policy (FLP), Code-switching, and the ‘One Person, One Language’ (OPOL) method. BFLA highlights the simultaneous acquisition of two languages from birth, while FLP and OPOL are examined for their roles in shaping bilingual development. The study also addresses the natural occurrence of code-switching as a reflection of linguistic competence. Findings show that families are driven by a desire for cognitive and academic benefits, cultural enrichment, and global opportunities. To ensure consistent language exposure, they create structured home environments, utilise bilingual education systems, and leverage media resources. Language dominance among children varies, influenced by parental preferences and societal factors. Moreover, the importance of maintaining the mother tongue alongside English and French is also emphasised for cultural identity and family cohesion. Educational outcomes reveal that bilingualism enhances cognitive abilities, academic performance, cultural awareness, and social adaptability. Parents hence view bilingualism as crucial for their children’s future success, advocating for early and sustained language exposure and supportive educational policies. Ultimately, the research underscores the benefits of bilingualism while highlighting the challenges of balancing dual language exposure. It concludes that a wellrounded approach, respecting family dynamics and societal influences, is essential for nurturing successful bilingual individuals.