Comparative analysis of sanctionedstates : To what extent do domestic socio-economic structures and international legal frameworks determine the success of sanctions, and how do these measures inadvertently impact the civilian populations in the cases of South Africa, Libya, Iraq, and Iran?

Abstract

This thesis examines the multifaceted nature of international economic sanctions by analyzing two successful cases—South Africa and Libya—and two unsuccessful cases—Iraq and Iran. Through a comparative analysis and expert insights, the study identifies the critical factors that determine whether restrictive measures achieve their political objectives or result in unintended humanitarian consequences. This thesis provides a comparative analysis of international sanctions, contrasting the successful transitions in South Africa and Libya with the strategic failures in Iraq and Iran. The research identifies the specific variables that lead to either policy change or regime consolidation.