Les enjeux de l'hyperthermie pendant l'effort et les méthodes de refroidissement post-exercice. Etude comparative chez le chien, le cheval et l'Homme

Abstract

Physical exercise can lead to hyperthermia, which can have serious consequences. Cooling measures are therefore necessary to dissipate heat and prevent the adverse effects associated with its accumulation. This literature review aims to understand how dogs, horses and humans regulate their body temperature in order to determine the most effective cooling method for each specie. The selected articles were drawn from scientific databases searched according to predefined criteria relating to thermoregulation, hyperthermia and post-exercise cooling. The results show that the most effective methods differ between species. In dogs, immersing the body in water at temperatures ranging from 0.1°C to 15°C is the most effective technique, whereas in horses, it is continuous spraying with water. Finally, in humans, immersing the torso in water at a temperature between 1 and 17°C proves to be the most effective method. Current data suggest that it is preferable to use cooling techniques rather than allowing the body to cool passively, regardless of the species.