Travail de fin d'études[BR] - Travail de recherche personnel, COLLÉGIALITÉ[BR] - Travail d'expertise interdisciplinaire, COLLÉGIALITÉ

Abstract

Cameroon is one of the countries affected by various humanitarian crises, including food insecurity and epidemics that are worsening as a result of recurrent droughts and floods. These crises plunge the population into a situation of vulnerability, leading to the displacement of people who experience violations of the most basic human rights, such as the right to housing, health, education and food. To protect them, Cameroon has adopted laws and signed up to binding and non-binding legal texts, such as the Kampala Convention on the protection and assistance to internally displaced persons adopted by the African union, but it has been slow to translate these texts into reality. The existing legal framework on management and adaptation mechanisms, which is both silent and incomplete, does not provide adequate protection for these people either upstream or downstream of flood risk management. The legal study of the humanitarian crises linked to this risk in the 5th arrondissement of Douala, carried out using both hermeneutic and prospective approaches, aims to contribute to the study of the law applicable to the management of flood related crises. It overlooks the preventive and protective role played by the law in implementing legislation in areas whose importance and control contribute to reducing the risk of flooding. In addition , these laws and regulations, which are unknown to those whom they are addressed, are not respected. Similarly, the problem of the coexistence of stakeholders hampers humanitarian action, and the vulnerable population, the ultimate victim of flooding, is not often involved in the choice of policies and measures to manage the risk of flooding. Lastly, a number of obstacles stand in the way of any measures taken by the government to prevent or even eliminate the risk of flooding in the 5th arrondissement of Douala. The aim of this study is to provide the various stakeholders involved in disaster risk management with an information and awareness raising tool that will enlighten and support them within the framework of the recommended programs , and which will ensure that human rights are respected and taken into account at all levels of flood risk management. The adoption of legislation on flood risk, the involvement of all stakeholders in flood risk management and raising public awareness of prevention and management mechanisms are just some of the recommendations that this report makes to decision-makers at all levels.