Travail de fin d'études[BR]- Travail de recherche personnel[BR]- Travail d'expertise interdisciplinaireImpacts socio-économiques des inondations dans la commune de Douala 5e: cas des quartiers Bonamoussadi et Makepe-Missoke

Abstract

Flooding is the cause of various types of damage in the commune of Douala 5e. This study compares people's perceptions of the causes and consequences of flooding in the precarious area (Makepe Missoke) and the affluent area (Bonamoussadi). For this purpose, data on the socio-demographic features, origins, consequences, and population management methods of the two districts were collected from 100 residents: 51 in Bonamoussadi and 49 in Makepe Missoke. Five interviews with local authorities were conducted to supplement the information obtained during the individual surveys. In addition, participant observations were used to confirm the results obtained from the realities on the ground. XLStat and QGIS were used to treat and analyze the datas collected. The descriptive and cartographic analysis of the results shows that the population of Douala 5e clearly perceives the causal factors and consequences of flooding. The absence, inadequacy and obstruction of drains, the presence of marshy areas and anarchic construction are the main common causes cited by respondents in the 2 zones. Especially for people living in the poor zone, the other main causes are irregular waste collection, heavy rainfall, damaged bridges, and the proximity of watercourses. In contrast, the other main causes of flooding in affluent areas are poor water infiltration and shallow drains. Flood damage also differs between the populations of the two zones surveyed. In low-income areas, respondents indicated the additional costs of consumption, health, clean-up, and material losses, whereas in affluent areas, only clean-up costs and material losses were cited. Flood and disaster management strategies are influenced by socio-economic factors, which determine whether adaptation actions are taken in the short or long term. Under these conditions, the State, as guarantor of national security, could use these results as the basis for a sectoral policy to strengthen the means and strategies of local populations to adapt.