Zero4Cruise: Conceptual Design of Methanol River Cruise Vessel

Abstract

While considered the most effective mode of transportation in terms of carbon efficiency, the shipping sector contributes roughly 2.8% to global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, making it a notable contributor to climate change. As efforts worldwide intensify to attain net-zero emissions, the maritime sector faces escalating demands to diminish its carbon footprint. Consequently, various policies have been introduced to limit emissions, improve vessel designs, incorporate Energy-Saving Technologies (ESTs), and promote the adoption of alternative fuels. These objectives are primarily directed at ocean-going vessels, which contribute significantly more to GHG emissions, and are therefore not directly applicable to river vessels. This research explores the feasibility and impacts of incorporating methanol fuel into river cruises, with the goal of presenting the design at a conceptual level. The realization of this project will provide a carbon-neutral option in the river tourism sector in the foreseeable future. The main challenges of integrating methanol as a fuel in ships stem from its low energy density compared to Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) and its low flash point. Methanol has a lower energy density, meaning it requires more storage space onboard. Furthermore, extra safety measures are necessary for methanol handling, considering its low flash point nature.