Floating Foundations in Ice-Infested Waters

Abstract

This thesis examines the challenges and solutions associated with deploying floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) in ice-infested waters, focusing on the Baltic Sea region. The primary objective is to develop a framework for the design, operation, and maintenance of FOWTs in environments subject to ice loads. This analysis explores the possibility of applying international codes and standards to floating offshore platforms installed in ice conditions. Parameters considered in this study include ice formation mechanisms, ice thickness, ice mechanical properties, and their interaction with floating platforms. The approach involves numerical modelling and simulations using dynamic simulation software such as Orcaflex to predict the effect of ice loads on tension in mooring lines. The latter part of the study investigates several ice mitigation techniques. The economic impact of these mitigation techniques is also analyzed concerning both capital expenditure(CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX).The results highlight the importance of ice management plans and monitoring techniques (for ice mitigation) to reduce the impact of ice loads on floating offshore wind turbines as much as possible.