To what extent do transformational and empowering leadership styles influence employees? Proactive behaviors, and how can their combination foster proactivity at work?

Abstract

Contemporary organizations operate in a rapidly changing environment that requires employees to go beyond task execution and actively contribute to improvement and innovation. Proactive behaviors, such as taking initiative and anticipating challenges, have therefore become essential. Leadership plays a key role in fostering these behaviors, particularly through transformational and empowering leadership styles. This dissertation explores how these leadership approaches influence employee proactivity and how their combination can create a work environment that encourages initiative, autonomy, and organizational adaptability