Driving Sustainability in Digital Technologies: How Effective is France's "REEN" Law ?

Abstract

This thesis offers a detailed analysis of the effectiveness of French legislation concerning sustainable development in digital technologies, with a particular focus on the REEN law. Faced with the growing environmental impact of digital technologies, the imperative for global and concerted action is evident. In this context, we meticulously examine the REEN law to assess its contribution to an environmentally-respecting digital world.

This study evaluates the relevance of REEN regulation in the face of environmental challenges posed by digital technologies. We established this framework through an in-depth literature review, enriched by interviews with industry specialists, examinations of relevant government and organizational publications, and a detailed analysis of the articles of the REEN law. Our approach primarily revolves around a case study on the REEN law, providing crucial insights into its functioning and consequences.

After our explorations, several crucial points were identified. One of the major concerns is the implementation and evaluation of measures stipulated by the REEN law. Currently, the REEN law presents low requirements for businesses and the general public, particularly emphasizing the public sector. This lack of coercion limits its effectiveness in sustainable digital. Additionally, some articles need more clarity, posing challenges regarding their implementation and evaluation. The most significant shortcoming is the insufficient emphasis the REEN law places on digital sobriety, despite sobriety being at the heart of any sustainability-focused initiative. While France shows a proactive approach compared to other nations, these observations indicate the necessity for stricter regulations, particularly for the private sector.

Our conclusions lead to concrete recommendations to bolster the REEN law and inspire other countries. For France, we advocate for continuous evaluation of educational modules, clarifying roles for the observatory of digital environmental impacts, and establishing a liaison committee for this observatory. It is also crucial to clarify specific articles and develop detailed strategies. Deeper integration of digital sobriety into the law and implementation of binding measures, coupled with financial incentives, are also recommended. As for Belgium, it could draw valuable lessons from the French initiative. We advise harmonization between regions, establishing a reparability index, explicit integration of digital sobriety, and implementing awareness campaigns. Furthermore, financial incentives and tailored regulations could be considered while ensuring continuous review and improvement.

To conclude, the REEN law, though an important step towards sustainability in the digital realm, has limitations in its effectiveness. In order to strike a balance between the interests of different stakeholders and environmental preservation, regulatory adjustments are necessary. The constant evolution of this sector underscores the need to continue academic research to ensure an environmentally-respectful digital future, including analyzing the impact of similar laws on the sustainability of digital technologies.